Atụmatụ ụlọ ọrụ ihe nrụpụta isiokwu 1: ifufe ma ọ bụ ọkọlọtọ?Ngwa igwe ihe owuwu India, ngwa ịwụ nwamba

Atụmatụ ụlọ ọrụ ihe nrụpụta isiokwu 1: ifufe ma ọ bụ ọkọlọtọ?Ngwa igwe ihe owuwu India, ngwa ịwụ nwamba

N'akwụkwọ a, "ifufe" na-ezo aka n'akụkụ amụma nke uto na-aga n'ihu, "obi" na-ezo aka na mgbanwe ọnụahịa ngwaahịa nke igwe ihe owuwu, na "ọkọlọtọ" na-ezo aka na mgbanwe dị mkpa nke igwe ihe owuwu.Site n'ịtụle mgbanwe nke amụma, arụmọrụ ọnụahịa ngwaahịa akụkọ ihe mere eme na ntọala ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, anyị na-agbalị ịchọta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti atọ.Kemgbe March, ifufe nke amụma uto na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ekpo ọkụ, na ọtụtụ oge n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, amụma ọganihu na-aga n'ihu egosila njikọ na ọnụahịa ngwaahịa nke igwe ihe owuwu;N'afọ 2022, a na-atụkwa anya na a na-achọ ụlọ ọrụ igwe na-ahụ maka ihe owuwu ka ọ ga-ahụkwa n'ọkwa.Ngwa igwe ihe owuwu India, ngwa ịwụ nwamba

"ifufe" nke amụma uto na-aga n'ihu abịawo.

1) A na-atụ anya na amụma uto ga-aga n'ihu.Ogbako ọrụ akụ na ụba etiti ahụ tụrụ aro na ọrụ akụ na ụba na 2022 kwesịrị ịdị na-akwụsi ike ma chọọ ọganihu ka ọ na-edobe nkwụsi ike, na-egosi ntụzịaka maka uto ụlọ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu.Iji mejuputa mkpebi na nhazi nke CPC Central Committee na State Council ma nye ọrụ zuru oke na ọrụ nke macroeconomic "ballast", National Development and Reform Commission na Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jikọtara ọnụ nyere ọtụtụ iwu iji kwalite. ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke akụ na ụba nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ndị dị mkpa na nso nso a, iji mee ka mmetụta nke amụma dịkwuo elu, na-akwalite ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe n'ụzọ dị irè ma gbalịsie ike ịkwado ọnọdụ akụ na ụba zuru oke.N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, mgbasa ozi ọmụrụ nwa nke China US US Treasury bond agbadala elu, nke nwere ike ịmụba iwebata amụma uto kwụsiri ike.

2) Iwu countercyclical nke itinye ego akụrụngwa na-aga n'ihu na-egosipụta.N'April 7, China Railway kwupụtara data ọrụ nke nkeji mbụ nke 2022. Ọnụ ego nkwekọrịta isi obodo nke China Railway bịanyere aka na ya na nkeji mbụ ruru ijeri yuan 543.45, mmụba nke 94.1% kwa afọ.Ọnụ ego nkwekọrịta iwu isi obodo bịanyere aka na ya ọhụrụ na nkeji mbụ ruru ọkwa kachasị elu n'otu oge ahụ na akụkọ ntolite.Site na Jenụwarị ruo Febụwarị, ọnụ ọgụgụ uto nke akụrụngwa etinyere akụrụngwa na-abawanye site na 8.6% kwa afọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ uto ji nke nta nke nta bulie.Site na Jenụwarị ruo Febụwarị, ego nke agbụ pụrụ iche nke gọọmentị ime obodo nyere ruru ijeri yuan 971.9, mmụba kwa afọ nke 452.8%;Ọganihu nke iwepụta nkekọ pụrụ iche nke gọọmentị ime obodo na-adị ngwa ngwa karịa nke afọ ndị gara aga, na mmalite nke nnukwu ọrụ a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-eme ngwa ngwa.Ngwa igwe ihe owuwu India, ngwa ịwụ nwamba

3) Amụma iwu gbasara ụlọ ebutere na ezumike n'akụkụ.Kemgbe mmalite nke afọ, ụkpụrụ ụlọ na njikwa ụlọ na-aga n'ihu na-atọ ụtọ.Malite site n'ịkwado ihe ezi uche dị na ya maka ịzụrụ ụlọ na ịgbasa uru nke ọrụ ahịa ala, anyị emeela ka ọnọdụ ala nke adịghị ike na-achọsi ike na ahịa ụlọ ahịa.Site na Jenụwarị ruo Febụwarị, ntinye ego a rụchara na mmepe ụlọ mụbara site na 3.7% kwa afọ, ebe ihe owuwu ọhụrụ ahụ belatara site na 12.2% kwa afọ, ebe ihe owuwu ọhụrụ ahụ gara n'ihu na-eto eto na-adịghị mma.Dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa dị n'okpuru ala nke ụlọ ọrụ igwe ihe owuwu, a na-atụ anya izu ike dị n'akụkụ nke amụma ụlọ ga-eme ka a na-achọghachi ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.

Otu esi emegharị "obi" nke oke ọnụahịa nke igwe ihe owuwu

1) Ọtụtụ amụma uto kwụsiri ike n'akụkọ ihe mere eme emeela ka ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa akụrụngwa na-abawanye elu.N'ileghachi anya azụ n'ime afọ iri gara aga, China enwetala agba agba ise nke uto kwụsiri ike na 2008-2009, 2012, 2014-2015, 2018-2019 na 2020.

Inweta ụlọ ọrụ Sany Heavy dị ka ọmụmaatụ, ịrị elu na ọdịda kachasị elu nke ọnụahịa òkè Sany n'ime oge ise dị n'elu bụ 89.5%, 22.3%, 118.0%, 60.3% na 148.2% n'otu n'otu, na oke ịrị elu na ọdịda bụ 49.3%, - 13.9%, - 24.2%, 52.7% na 146.9% n'otu n'otu.

Enwere ike ịchọpụta na amụma uto na-aga n'ihu ejirila akụkụ dị iche iche na-ebuli ọnụ ahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.

2) Igwe ihe owuwu ka nwere ike weghara windo itinye ego ka mma na okirikiri ala.Anyị na-elekwasị anya n'ịtụle arụmọrụ ọnụahịa ngwaahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ Sany Heavy na usoro mgbada nke ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu site na 2012 ruo 2016, nke nwere ike ịba uru maka itinye ego n'oge a:

N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, amụma uto na-aga n'ihu enweela mmetụta dị mma na ọnụahịa òkè nke ụlọ ọrụ Sany Heavy, yana ohere itinye ego ka mma ka enwere ike ijide n'oge mgbada ala.Anyị kwenyere na isi ihe nrụnye arụmọrụ, ihe ntinye ihe na-atụ anya ka ọ bụrụ isi ihe na-ekpebi arụmọrụ ọnụahịa ngwaahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe;Mgbanwe a na-atụ anya nke iwu nwere ike iduga nzaghachi mmalite nke ọnụahịa ngwaahịa, na arụmọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịghọ ihe ngosi na-adịghị ala ala na mgbada ala.

3) Mgbanwe a nke mgbazi dị nkọ na oke ọnụahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu egosipụtawo n'ụzọ zuru oke atụmanya enweghị nchekwube nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.Kemgbe afọ 2021, agbanweela ọnụ ahịa ahịa Sany, Zoomlion, XCMG, Hengli na ụlọ ọrụ igwe ndị ọzọ, yana mbelata nke 61.9%, 55.1%, 33.0% na 62.0% n'otu n'otu kemgbe ọnụ ahịa ahịa ikpeazụ ikpeazụ.Kemgbe nkeji nke abụọ nke 2021, data ịre ahịa kwa afọ nke ngwaahịa igwe ihe owuwu dị ka ndị na-egwupụta ihe, kreenị gwongworo na gwongworo mgbapụta anọgidewo na-agbada.Ahịa ahụ na-ekwenyekarị na ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ihe owuwu ebutela n'ọkwa kachasị elu / mgbada mgbe usoro mgbago elu afọ ise gasịrị, ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa na-egosipụtakwa atụmanya a enweghị atụ.Ọ bụrụ na a na-atụ anya na ihe ụlọ ọrụ na-achọ ka ọ ga-akawanye ntakịrị na 2022, anyị nwere ihe mere anyị ga-eji na-atụ anya na ọnụahịa ngwaahịa ga-edozi ma maliteghachi.Ngwa igwe ihe owuwu India, ngwa ịwụ nwamba